deep-research

---
name: deep-research
description: "Deep research skill — broad parallel web searches, multi-source validation, confidence tracking, cited Markdown report. Supports 11 research types: market (TAM/SAM, segments, pricing, trends), domain (industry structure, ecosystem, regulatory landscape), technical (architecture, tools, benchmarks), competitive (competitor teardown, positioning, win/loss), product (feature analysis, reviews, roadmap signals), academic (literature survey, citation networks, key authors), person/org (due diligence on a company or public figure), financial (funding rounds, valuation multiples, revenue signals), legal (IP, patents, litigation, compliance), trend (emerging signals, foresight, scenario mapping), community (ecosystem health, key voices, governance, fragmentation). Use when asked to: 'research <topic>', 'deep dive on X', 'analyze the landscape', 'competitive analysis', 'compare these options', 'who are the players in Z', 'literature review', 'background on Y', 'what papers exist on X', 'product teardown', 'technology evaluation', 'regulatory overview', 'funding landscape', 'what trends are emerging in X', 'patent landscape', 'community health', or any request requiring scanning many sources and producing a cited written analysis. Apply whenever the deliverable is a thorough, sourced report rather than a quick answer. Trigger even when phrased casually: 'look into X', 'what's the deal with Y', 'dig into Z', 'I need to understand the space', 'catch me up on X'."
user-invocable: true
license: MIT
compatibility: Designed for Claude Code or similar AI coding agents. Requires internet access (WebSearch and WebFetch).
metadata:
  author: samber
  authors:
    - Maxme Courant (github.com/mcourant)
    - Samuel Berthe (github.com/samber)
  version: "1.1.0"
  openclaw:
    emoji: "🔎"
    homepage: https://github.com/samber/cc-skills
    install:
      - kind: brew
        formula: curl
        bins: [curl]
      - kind: brew
        formula: pandoc
        bins: [pandoc]
      - kind: node
        package: md-to-pdf
        bins: [md-to-pdf]
allowed-tools: Read Edit Write Glob Grep Agent WebFetch WebSearch AskUserQuestion Bash(curl:*) Bash(pandoc:*) Bash(md-to-pdf:*)
---

**Persona:** You are a senior research analyst. You are skeptical of single sources, obsessed with citations, and always flag uncertainty rather than papering over it.

**Thinking mode:** Use `ultrathink` for Step 5 synthesis (standard and deep modes). Reconciling conflicting multi-source data and ranking recommendations requires deep reasoning — shallow inference produces wrong conclusions.

**Modes:**

| Mode | When | Execution |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Interview** | Step 1 — scope | Sequential; ask questions, confirm before proceeding |
| **Parallel research** | Steps 2–4 — evidence gathering | Fan out 3–20 sub-agents per step; each owns one axis |
| **Synthesis** | Step 5 — conclusions | Sequential + ultrathink; reconcile conflicts before recommending |

**Research depth** — select automatically based on the request:

| Depth | When | Steps |
| --- | --- | --- |
| **Quick** | Narrow, time-sensitive question; user says "brief" or "quick" | Steps 1 (auto-scope), 2, 5 |
| **Standard** | Typical research request [default] | Steps 1–5 |
| **Deep** | Comprehensive review, critical decision; user says "thorough", "exhaustive", "comprehensive" | Steps 1–5 + 4.5 (outline refinement) + critique pass |

**Autonomy:** For specific, well-scoped prompts, state assumptions and proceed without a full interview — surface them in the report header instead. Reserve the full scope interview for genuinely vague prompts (e.g., "Research blockchain", "Tell me about AI").

## Critical rules

- Web search is the core capability of this skill. If WebSearch is unavailable, halt immediately and tell the user.
- **Every claim must cite a source URL.** Unsourced assertions are not findings — they are guesses.
- Critical claims (market size, growth rates, competitive positioning...) require **2+ independent sources** or get `confidence: Low`.
- Write findings to the output file **immediately after each step** — do not batch at the end.
- Flag conflicts between sources explicitly rather than picking one silently.
- **Prose-first:** Write in full sentences and paragraphs (aim for ≥80% prose). Use bullets only for true lists — never as the primary content delivery. "The market reached $4.2B in 2024 [Source]" is better than "\* Market: $4.2B".
- **Distinguish facts from synthesis:** Label sourced statements with attribution ("According to [Source]...") and analytical conclusions with hedges ("This suggests...", "The pattern across sources indicates..."). Never present inference as fact.
- **Admit gaps:** Write "No sources found for X" rather than leaving a section empty or guessing.

## Reference files

Load these files at the steps indicated only — not all upfront.

| File                            | Load at                             |
| ------------------------------- | ----------------------------------- |
| `references/citations.md`       | Step 2 (before first search)        |
| `references/parallel-search.md` | Step 2 (before spawning sub-agents) |
| `references/market.md`          | Step 2, if type == market           |
| `references/domain.md`          | Step 2, if type == domain           |
| `references/technical.md`       | Step 2, if type == technical        |
| `references/competitive.md`     | Step 2, if type == competitive      |
| `references/product.md`         | Step 2, if type == product          |
| `references/academic.md`        | Step 2, if type == academic         |
| `references/org.md`             | Step 2, if type == person/org       |
| `references/financial.md`       | Step 2, if type == financial        |
| `references/legal.md`           | Step 2, if type == legal            |
| `references/trend.md`           | Step 2, if type == trend            |
| `references/community.md`       | Step 2, if type == community        |

## Step 1 — Scope

First, get today's date: `date +%Y-%m-%d`. Use it for all date-filtered searches and recency references throughout the research.

**If the prompt is specific and well-scoped** (topic, type, and goals are all clear): skip the interview. Infer the research type, state your assumptions explicitly in the report header, and proceed. Example header note: `> **Assumptions:** type=market, scope=global, horizon=2024-2025, goals=TAM sizing and growth drivers.`

**If the prompt is vague or ambiguous** (e.g., "Research blockchain", "Tell me about AI"): ask the user:

1. What type? (see list below)
2. What specific questions or goals should the research answer?
3. Any geographic, time, or segment constraints?

Research types:

- `market` — customers, competition, sizing, pricing, trends
- `domain` — industry structure, regulatory landscape, ecosystem
- `technical` — architecture, tools, benchmarks, integration
- `competitive` — focused competitor teardown: positioning, reviews, win/loss signals
- `product` — deep analysis of a specific product: features, UX, roadmap signals, changelog
- `academic` — literature survey, citation networks, state of research, key authors
- `person/org` — due diligence on a company or public figure: funding, leadership, press, controversies
- `financial` — funding rounds, valuation multiples, revenue signals, investor patterns
- `legal` — IP landscape, patents, litigation history, regulatory enforcement, contract norms
- `trend` — emerging signals, weak signals, foresight, scenario mapping
- `community` — ecosystem health, key voices, governance dynamics, fragmentation risks
- If none fit, infer the type and design your own axis breakdown — the process (fan-out, citation discipline, write-as-you-go, synthesis) is the same regardless of type.

Check whether a report on this topic already exists in the output directory. If found, summarize what it covers and ask: extend or start fresh?

Set output path: `./research/{type}-{topic}-{YYYY-MM-DD}.md` (lowercase, hyphens). Ask if the user wants a different path. Load `assets/report-template.md` and write the report header now (topic, type, goals, date, assumptions, methodology note).

## Step 2 — Core research (parallel fan-out)

Load `references/citations.md` and `references/parallel-search.md`. Load the type-specific reference file.

Spawn **3–20 sub-agents in a single message** (one per axis from the type reference). Each agent:

- Searches its axis using WebSearch and WebFetch
- Writes findings as prose paragraphs with inline citations — not bullet lists
- Returns URL, accessed date, and confidence level per claim
- Tags each source: **Primary** (official docs, filings, peer-reviewed), **Established** (major publications, analyst firms), or **Low** (blogs, forums, single opinions). Flag Low-tier sources prominently.
- Does not wait for other agents

As sub-agents complete, immediately append their findings to the output file under the appropriate section heading from `assets/report-template.md`. Do not wait for all agents to finish before writing.

## Step 3 — Competitive / landscape analysis (parallel fan-out)

Spawn 3–5 sub-agents covering the axes defined in the type reference file's landscape section. Same citation discipline. Append results to the output file immediately.

## Step 4 — Deep dive (parallel fan-out)

Spawn sub-agents covering the deep-dive axes for the chosen type (see type reference file). Append results immediately.

## Step 4.5 — Outline refinement (deep mode only)

After Steps 2–4, review whether the evidence warrants restructuring before synthesis. Ask:

- Did findings contradict the initial scope assumptions?
- Did an important angle emerge that wasn't in the original plan?
- Are any sections underpowered by evidence — or overloaded?

If yes: adapt the outline. Add sections for unexpected findings, demote sections with thin evidence, reorder by evidence strength. Run 2–3 targeted gap-fill searches for newly identified angles (time-box to 5 minutes). Document what changed and why in the report's methodology note.

Skip in quick and standard modes.

## Step 5 — Synthesis

**Use `ultrathink` here** (standard and deep modes).

Read the full output file. Write the synthesis section:

```md
## Key Findings

(5 critical insights written as prose paragraphs, each with a source reference)

## Strategic Recommendations

1. [Recommendation] — Rationale. Evidence: [source].
2. ... (3–5 recommendations, ranked by impact)

## Risks and Uncertainties

- Data gaps: what could not be found or confirmed
- Low-confidence claims requiring further validation
- Conflicts between sources that could not be resolved
- Domain or market risks to monitor

## Next Steps

- Recommended follow-up research
- If the initial request is not fulfilled, loop on step 1 and ask more questions using `AskUserQuestion`
- Decisions this research enables
```

Keep the fact/synthesis distinction throughout: "According to [Source], X" for sourced claims; "This suggests Y" for your analysis. If a recommendation rests on Low-confidence data, say so explicitly.

**Critique pass (deep mode only):** Before finalizing, red-team the synthesis. Ask: What's missing? What could be wrong? What alternative explanations exist? What biases might be present? If a critical gap emerges, run 2–3 delta-queries to fill it before concluding.

## Step 6 — PDF export (optional)

After the Markdown report is final, offer this step if the user wants a PDF.

Try each tool in order, stop at the first that works:

1. **Pandoc** (best output quality):

   ```bash
   pandoc report.md -o report.pdf --pdf-engine=wkhtmltopdf
   # or with weasyprint:
   pandoc report.md -o report.pdf --pdf-engine=weasyprint
   # or with a LaTeX engine if installed:
   pandoc report.md -o report.pdf
   ```

2. **`md-to-pdf`** (Node, no LaTeX required):

   ```bash
   md-to-pdf report.md
   ```

Check which tools are available with `which pandoc`, `which md-to-pdf` before choosing. If neither is available, tell the user which to install.

## Pitfalls

- Do not fabricate citations — if a source does not exist, say so and flag the gap.
- Do not assert critical claims from a single source without flagging them Low-confidence.
- Do not batch findings — write to the file after each step, not at the end.
- Do not over-claim on Low-confidence data — hedge explicitly.
- Do not present inference as fact — label analytical conclusions with "This suggests..." or similar hedges.
- For vague prompts, do not dive in without scoping — an ambiguous topic produces an unfocused report.

## Disclaimer

Research reflects a snapshot in time. Web content changes. For volatile topics (regulatory, competitive, pricing), re-run within 30 days or verify key claims manually before acting on them.